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New research from Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions highlights a concerning link between age-related muscle loss, known as sarcopenia, and an increased risk of dementia. The study found that a smaller temporalis muscle, which serves as a proxy for overall muscle mass, is associated with cognitive decline. Participants aged 77 on average, who exhibited reduced temporalis size, demonstrated a 60% greater likelihood of developing dementia over an average follow-up of nearly six years. This muscle loss not only affects strength and balance, increasing the risk of falls and fractures, but also impacts hormonal functions critical for metabolic health. Experts suggest that interventions such as physical activity, particularly chair exercises, and adequate protein intake can help mitigate muscle loss and potentially reduce dementia risk. Dietitian Maddie Gallivan emphasizes the importance of incorporating high-quality protein sources, including plant-based options, to support muscle maintenance in older adults. 
Published: Dec 04 2024, 6 pmeznews.inA recent clinical trial published in the *New England Journal of Medicine* has revealed that lenacapavir, an antiretroviral medication typically used to treat HIV, can effectively prevent the virus when administered via injection every six months. The study, which involved 3,265 participants at high risk for HIV, demonstrated a staggering 96% reduction in infection rates among those receiving lenacapavir, with only two cases reported compared to nine in the control group receiving daily oral medication. This phase 3 trial included a diverse cohort, focusing on individuals often underrepresented in HIV research. While the trial faced some limitations, including a temporary FDA hold on lenacapavir injections, researchers found no significant safety concerns. Experts emphasize the potential of lenacapavir as a transformative option for HIV prevention, particularly for underserved communities, though issues of access and affordability remain critical challenges for wider implementation, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
Published: Dec 03 2024, 11 pmeznews.inA recent study from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health highlights the heart health benefits of consuming higher ratios of plant-based proteins compared to animal proteins. Analyzing data from over 200,000 participants over 30 years, researchers found that those with a higher plant-to-animal protein ratio experienced a 19% lower risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a 27% lower risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). While the study did not establish a specific optimal ratio, it suggested a 1:2 ratio for CVD prevention and 1:1.3 for CHD. Participants with higher plant protein intake also exhibited healthier lifestyle factors, including lower body mass indexes and increased physical activity. Experts recommend dietary shifts, such as reducing red meat and incorporating more nuts and legumes, to enhance plant protein consumption, aligning with previous findings that plant-based diets can mitigate various cardiometabolic risks.
Published: Dec 03 2024, 9 pmeznews.inNew research has established a significant link between ultra-processed foods (UPFs), such as potato chips, and flare-ups of psoriasis, a chronic skin condition. The study, based on data from the NutriNet-Santé cohort involving over 18,000 participants in France, indicates that individuals consuming high amounts of UPFs are more likely to experience active psoriasis cases. Even after adjusting for factors like body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption, the association remained strong, although no correlation was found in cases confirmed by dermatologists. Experts highlight that UPFs, high in refined sugars and unhealthy fats, may promote systemic inflammation and disrupt gut microbiota, exacerbating psoriasis symptoms. While the findings are compelling, some dermatologists emphasize the need for further research with dermatologist-validated cases to better understand the mechanisms involved and the potential for dietary modifications to mitigate psoriasis severity.
Published: Dec 02 2024, 11 pmeznews.inRecent research indicates that coffee consumption may positively influence gut health by promoting the growth of the bacterium *Lawsonibacter asaccharolyticus*. A comprehensive study involving over 22,800 participants from the US and UK, alongside global data from nearly 54,200 individuals, found that coffee drinkers exhibited significantly higher levels of this bacterium—up to eight times more than non-drinkers. The study utilized advanced metagenomic techniques to analyze stool samples, revealing that even moderate coffee intake could enhance gut microbiome composition. While the exact health benefits of *L. asaccharolyticus* remain unclear, experts suggest it may be tied to coffee's known advantages, including lower risks of chronic diseases. Researchers advocate for further studies to explore this relationship and recommend moderate coffee consumption, ideally black or with minimal additions, as part of a healthy diet, while also highlighting other foods that may support similar gut health benefits.
Published: Dec 01 2024, 2 pmeznews.inA recent study from Johns Hopkins University has raised concerns about the commonly prescribed thyroid medication levothyroxine, particularly among older adults. The research, presented at the Radiological Society of North America's annual meeting, found that the drug may lead to decreased bone mass and density in individuals aged 65 and older, even those with normal thyroid hormone levels. Over a six-year follow-up period involving 81 participants, those on levothyroxine demonstrated significant bone loss, suggesting a potential link to osteoporosis risk. Experts have long debated the appropriateness of levothyroxine prescriptions, with some arguing that hypothyroidism is often overdiagnosed in older populations. The findings underscore the need for careful monitoring and individualized treatment plans to mitigate side effects, including bone loss, as highlighted by medical professionals advocating for deprescribing in cases of adverse reactions.
Published: Nov 30 2024, 2 pmeznews.inA recent study published in *Alzheimer’s & Dementia* has highlighted the complex relationship between cardiovascular medications and dementia risk. Analyzing data from over 88,000 dementia patients and 880,000 control participants, researchers found that long-term use (five years or more) of certain drugs, including antihypertensives, lipid-lowering medications, diuretics, and oral anticoagulants, is associated with a decreased risk of dementia. Conversely, the use of antiplatelet medications was linked to an increased incidence of dementia. The study raises important questions about the potential cognitive effects of these widely prescribed drugs, particularly antiplatelets, which may pose risks despite their cardiovascular benefits. Experts caution that the findings, derived from a Swedish population, may not be generalizable and emphasize the need for further research to confirm these associations and explore the underlying mechanisms. The implications for clinical practice are significant, particularly regarding the management of patients at risk for both cardiovascular disease and dementia.
Published: Nov 29 2024, 2 pmeznews.inResearch has revealed a significant link between cardiovascular disease risk factors, such as obesity, and earlier cognitive decline in men, occurring up to a decade sooner than in women. A long-term study involving 34,425 participants from the UK Biobank found that men aged 55 to 74 are particularly vulnerable, while women face increased risk between 65 and 74. The study, published in the *Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry*, utilized advanced neuroimaging techniques to assess brain structure changes, highlighting that increased abdominal and visceral fat correlates with reduced gray matter in areas critical for memory and emotional regulation. Experts emphasize the importance of managing cardiovascular risks early, particularly for men in their 40s and 50s, to mitigate potential cognitive decline. This underscores the need for proactive health strategies, including lifestyle changes, to support both heart and brain health as individuals age.
Published: Nov 29 2024, 1 ameznews.inA recent study published in the *British Journal of Sports Medicine* suggests that maintaining high cardiorespiratory fitness may significantly lower the risk of dementia, even among individuals genetically predisposed to the condition. Analyzing data from over 61,000 participants in the UK Biobank, researchers found that those with high fitness levels had a 35% reduced risk of developing dementia and experienced a delay in onset by approximately 1.5 years compared to those with lower fitness. The study underscores the importance of regular exercise, linking it to a potential 20% reduction in dementia risk. Experts emphasize that cardiorespiratory fitness is a modifiable factor that can empower individuals to take proactive steps toward prevention, highlighting the need for further research into its mechanisms and broader applicability across diverse populations. With dementia affecting over 55 million globally, these findings could inform public health strategies aimed at enhancing cognitive health.
Published: Nov 27 2024, 5 pmeznews.inThe emergence of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) drugs, such as Wegovy and Zepbound, has revolutionized weight management, prompting concerns over potential muscle mass loss during significant weight reduction. Experts highlight that while these medications effectively induce weight loss by mimicking GLP-1 hormone functions—stimulating insulin secretion and reducing hunger—they may also lead to muscle loss, particularly in older adults or those with pre-existing conditions like sarcopenia. Although studies indicate that muscle loss from GLP-1 treatments aligns with expected weight loss, maintaining muscle mass is crucial for long-term health and metabolic function. To mitigate muscle loss, experts recommend a protein-rich diet and regular resistance training. Monitoring body composition and consulting with healthcare professionals can further aid individuals in achieving sustainable weight loss while preserving muscle health. Future research may explore additional strategies and medications to prevent muscle loss associated with GLP-1-induced weight loss.
Published: Nov 27 2024, 6 pmFor the fastest, latest, not so wokest news, 'experts say' you need to visit Eznews
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