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Gold Coins Confirm Identity of San José Shipwreck

Marine archaeologists and the Colombian Navy have made significant progress in uncovering treasures from the _San José_, an 18th-century Spanish galleon often referred to as the "world’s richest shipwreck." Confirmed to be the famed vessel that sank in 1708 during the War of the Spanish Succession, the ship was transporting vast amounts of looted wealth from South America. Recent studies, utilizing high-resolution images from remotely operated subs, have revealed coins minted in 1707 in Lima, supporting the identification of the wreck. While estimates suggest the ship could hold treasures worth up to $17 billion, the exact amount remains unverified. Daniela Vargas Ariza, a study author, emphasized the importance of coins as chronological markers in understanding maritime trade of the era. The Colombian government, which located the wreck in 2015, continues to navigate a complex legal battle over the ship's treasure as investigations proceed. sources

Published:
Jun 11 2025, 4 am

"NB.1.8.1 COVID-19 Variant: Razor Blade Throat and Nimbus"

A new COVID-19 variant, officially named NB.1.8.1 but informally referred to as "Nimbus," is spreading globally, prompting health officials to prepare for a potential rise in cases, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere as flu season begins. Symptoms associated with Nimbus largely mirror those of previous variants, including cough, congestion, headaches, fatigue, sore throat, fever, and gastrointestinal issues. Notably, there has been an increase in reports of severe sore throats described as "razor blade throat." While the World Health Organization indicates that current vaccines should still provide adequate protection, experts warn that respiratory symptoms could also stem from other illnesses, such as hay fever or the common cold. Nimbus has been detected in around 22 countries, and although there is a slight uptick in global cases, the situation remains far from the pandemic's peak. As always, individuals experiencing concerning symptoms should seek medical advice. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 7 pm

Trump Administration Enforces Communication Ban on US Scientists

Under the Trump administration, the relationship between science and governance has become increasingly contentious, with the emergence of "alternative facts" raising concerns about the integrity of scientific communication. Controversial oil pipelines have been revived even as the administration claims to support environmentalism, while references to climate change have been removed from the White House website. Federal agencies, including the EPA and USDA, have reportedly been instructed to halt public communications regarding their research, a move seen as an attempt to suppress information on climate change and environmental issues. Although some gag orders have been rescinded, the rapidity of these restrictions has alarmed many. In response, scientists are mobilizing through protests, open letters, and alternative social media accounts to resist this suppression and advocate for transparency in scientific discourse. As the battle for scientific integrity intensifies, the scientific community is rallying to ensure their voices are heard. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 5 pm

Why Was Crossing the Rubicon Such a Big Deal?

The phrase "Crossing the Rubicon" signifies a decisive, irreversible action, rooted in the historical context of Julius Caesar's bold move in January 49 BCE. The Rubicon River, a modest stream in modern Italy, served as a boundary between Roman-controlled territories and Gaul. By crossing it, Caesar defied the Roman Senate, triggering a civil war that ultimately led to his rise to power and the decline of the Roman Republic. This act was not merely about crossing a physical barrier; it symbolized a critical choice amid a backdrop of political instability and social unrest. Caesar's famous declaration, "let a die be cast," encapsulated the gravity of his decision, which set in motion a series of events that reshaped Roman governance and paved the way for the emergence of the Roman Empire. The phrase endures today as a metaphor for taking bold, irrevocable steps in one's life. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 5 am

Rare "Ghost Elephant" Spotted in Niokolo-Koba National Park

In a rare and exciting development, a "ghost elephant" named Ousmane has been captured on camera for the first time in five years in Senegal's Niokolo-Koba National Park, where only five to ten of these elusive creatures are believed to remain. The footage, recorded by Panthera and Senegal’s National Parks Directorate, shows Ousmane, last seen in 2019, taking a nocturnal stroll. The park's teams are also analyzing dung samples for DNA to determine if other elephants exist, crucial for Ousmane's potential mating prospects. Once abundant, the elephant population has dwindled due to poaching and habitat loss, prompting discussions on enhanced protections and the possibility of establishing a breeding population. Conservation efforts face challenges, as relocating elephants has proven difficult, but success stories, such as the resurgence of West African lions, offer hope for the future of these rare elephants. sources

Published:
Jun 11 2025, 4 pm

"Uncovering the Truth About Earth's Orbit Around the Sun"

Diagrams and animations depicting planetary orbits often simplify complex gravitational dynamics, omitting the concept of barycenters to make the information more accessible for students. While the Sun is the dominant mass in the Solar System, it does not solely dictate the orbits of the planets. Instead, both the Sun and planets, including the massive gas giants Jupiter and Saturn, revolve around a common center of mass known as the barycenter, which is typically located just outside the Sun's surface due to Jupiter's significant mass. This means that Earth and other planets are not orbiting a fixed point within the Sun but rather this dynamic barycenter. Similarly, the Earth and Moon orbit a point outside the Earth's center, illustrating that celestial mechanics are more intricate than traditional educational models suggest. Understanding these complexities offers a deeper appreciation of our Solar System's structure. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 9 am

Movement on Moon Linked to Apollo 17 Lander Activity

A recent study has revealed that some moonquakes detected by seismometers placed on the lunar surface during the Apollo 17 mission in the 1970s are linked to the lander itself. Researchers from Caltech utilized machine learning to analyze data from these seismographs, discovering that regular tremors occurred every afternoon as the lunar surface cooled. However, unusual signals were recorded in the mornings, attributed to the lander expanding and creaking as it heated up. This finding not only sheds light on the lander's behavior but also has implications for future lunar missions, particularly in mapping subsurface structures and searching for water ice in permanently shadowed regions near the Moon's South Pole. Meanwhile, India's Vikram lander, positioned nearby, has also detected potential underground movement, prompting further investigation. The study is published in JGR Planets. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 12 pm

Why Time Feels Faster as We Age

As people age, many report that time seems to accelerate, a phenomenon that has intrigued psychologists and neuroscientists alike. Theories suggest that this perception is linked to the amount of new information processed by the brain. Research by psychologist Robert Ornstein in the 1960s indicated that individuals perceive time differently based on the novelty of their experiences; more engaging stimuli make time feel longer. Dr. Christian Yates from the University of Bath notes that as adults become familiar with their surroundings, they pay less attention to detail, leading to a faster perception of time. Additionally, as our neural pathways age and become more complex, the processing of images slows down, contributing to the sensation that time is fleeting. Proportional theory also plays a role, as a year feels shorter relative to a longer life span. Ultimately, embracing new experiences may help counteract this swift passage of time. sources

Published:
Jun 11 2025, 3 pm

"Apollo Astronaut Claims Aliens Averted Nuclear War on Earth"

Former Apollo 14 astronaut Edgar Mitchell has made headlines with his claim that extraterrestrial beings intervened to prevent a nuclear war during the Cold War. In a recent interview, Mitchell suggested that aliens were particularly interested in the White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico, where the first atomic bomb was tested. He alleged that Air Force officers informed him of incidents where UFOs disabled or shot down missiles, implying that these beings aimed to maintain peace on Earth. While Mitchell's assertions have drawn skepticism, with UFO expert Nigel Watson dismissing them as "UFO fantasy," they highlight a notable shift from his historic achievements as the sixth man on the Moon. Despite his scientific background, Mitchell's increasingly bizarre theories have raised concerns about his detachment from reality, prompting calls for him to reconnect with more grounded perspectives. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 8 am

Why "Eleven" and "Twelve" Instead of "Oneteen" and "Twoteen"?

The peculiar naming of the numbers eleven and twelve, distinct from the subsequent teens, can be traced back to historical counting systems, particularly the influence of base 12. While modern numeration predominantly uses base 10—likely due to the ten fingers on human hands—evidence suggests that ancient cultures may have employed a duodecimal system, which is more divisible and practical for grouping items. The terms "eleven" and "twelve" derive from Old English words meaning "one left over" and "two left over," respectively, reflecting this earlier counting method. Linguistic studies indicate that early Germanic languages also exhibited a base 12 influence, as seen in the Old Norse term "hundrað," which originally meant 120. This historical context highlights how remnants of base 12 persist in our language and numerical systems, despite the dominance of base 10 today. sources

Published:
Jun 12 2025, 4 am

"Altamura Man Found in Cave Wall Met Tragic End"

In 1993, a nearly complete fossilized skeleton of a Neanderthal, dubbed "Altamura Man," was discovered in the Lamalunga cave in southern Italy, embedded in rock and covered with a mineral formation known as "cave popcorn." This unique feature, formed by calcite accumulation in wet cave areas, provided clues about the environment surrounding the skeleton. Researchers hypothesized that the man likely fell into a sinkhole, leading to starvation or dehydration before his remains were covered by the mineral deposits. Analysis of a shoulder blade fragment confirmed the skeleton's Neanderthal identity, dating back between 128,000 and 187,000 years. Further examination of his teeth indicated he was an adult who had lost a tooth weeks prior to his death, suggesting a challenging final period. Due to the delicate nature of the find, scientists opted to leave the skeleton undisturbed for ongoing study. sources

Published:
Jun 10 2025, 11 pm

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