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In a surprising breakthrough, computer scientists have developed a new algorithm to tackle the long-standing Distinct Elements Problem, which involves counting unique items in a dataset—a task that humans find simple but has historically challenged computers. The new method, known as the CVM algorithm, simplifies the counting process by employing a sampling strategy that significantly reduces memory requirements, making it particularly useful in the era of big data. The algorithm operates through a probabilistic approach, allowing for accurate estimations of distinct items, as demonstrated by its application to counting unique words in Shakespeare's *Hamlet*. Experts, including Donald Knuth, have praised the algorithm for its simplicity and potential to become a standard teaching tool in computer science courses. Since its introduction in January 2023, the CVM algorithm has garnered attention for its effectiveness and ease of implementation, marking a significant advancement in data analysis techniques. 
Published: Oct 30 2025, 6 ameznews.inIn a groundbreaking discovery, researchers have documented a rare event in evolutionary history where a marine bacterium, UCYN-A, has become an organelle within its algal host, _Braarudosphaera bigelowii_. This marks only the fourth known instance of such a symbiotic relationship, previously seen in the origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts. The findings, detailed in two recent studies, reveal that UCYN-A has co-evolved with the alga for approximately 100 million years, enabling it to fix nitrogen, a crucial process for life. The research, led by UC Santa Cruz's Jonathan Zehr and Tyler Coale, indicates that UCYN-A imports proteins from its host, a characteristic of organelle development. This newly identified organelle, termed the "nitroplast," could provide insights into nitrogen fixation's role in ocean ecosystems and potential agricultural applications. The studies were published in the journals *Cell* and *Science*.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 4 pmeznews.inImproving Wi-Fi signal strength can often be achieved by addressing common household obstacles rather than upgrading equipment. Key culprits include large water containers, which absorb radio frequencies, and metal objects or mirrors that can deflect signals, creating dead zones. Microwaves also interfere with Wi-Fi, as they operate on the same 2.4 GHz frequency, potentially disrupting connections when in use. Additionally, cordless phones and Bluetooth devices can cause interference if placed too close to the router. To enhance connectivity, it is advisable to keep the router clear of large objects and electronic devices that emit competing frequencies, such as baby monitors and fluorescent lights. By making these simple adjustments, users can significantly improve their internet experience without the need for costly upgrades.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 5 pmeznews.inThe LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration has reported two groundbreaking gravitational wave events, GW241011 and GW241110, detected in October and November 2024, which could significantly enhance our understanding of black hole mergers. GW241011 involved the collision of two black holes, approximately 17 and seven times the mass of the Sun, located 700 million light-years away, with the heavier black hole spinning at an unprecedented 75% of its theoretical maximum. In contrast, GW241110 featured black holes of similar masses, but with the larger black hole spinning in the opposite direction to its orbit, marking a first in gravitational wave observations. These events suggest that the black holes are second-generation, formed from previous mergers, and challenge existing theories of black hole formation. The findings, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, also provide insights into potential new physics beyond Einstein's theory of general relativity, highlighting the importance of international collaboration in astrophysics.
Published: Oct 29 2025, 2 ameznews.inAn interactive map has revealed the surprising realities of where you would emerge if you dug straight through the Earth. Contrary to popular belief, Americans would not end up in China, nor would Brits find themselves in Australia. Instead, those in the UK would surface in the ocean near New Zealand, while Americans would also find themselves in the sea, with the nearest land being the remote Heard Island and McDonald Islands. The map highlights that most European countries lead directly to the ocean, with central Spain being one of the few exceptions. Users can explore their own antipodal points on the website Antipodesmap.com, which also lists major cities and their antipodes, such as Christchurch in New Zealand and A Coruña in Spain. Before embarking on any digging adventures, it’s wise to check the map to ensure you’re dressed appropriately for your unexpected destination.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 12 pmeznews.inA team of French scientists has developed a groundbreaking ultrasound probe capable of imaging entire organs in four dimensions, marking a significant advancement in medical imaging technology. This innovative probe allows for unprecedented visualization of blood vessels at a resolution of less than 100 micrometres, enabling detailed observation of vascular dynamics crucial for understanding organ health. Senior author Clément Papadacci highlighted its potential to enhance the diagnosis of microcirculation disorders and improve treatment monitoring for small vessel diseases. The technology was successfully tested through simulations and experiments on pig organs, demonstrating high spatial and temporal resolution. The researchers aim to trial the probe in humans, with hopes of integrating this portable technology into clinical practice, thereby revolutionizing the way vascular health is assessed. The findings are published in *Nature Communications*.
Published: Oct 28 2025, 8 pmeznews.inResearchers have shed new light on the purpose of stabilimenta, the zigzag silk decorations commonly found in orb webs, particularly those of the wasp spider (_Argiope bruennichi_). While previous theories suggested these structures might aid in temperature regulation, water collection, or predator deterrence, a recent study indicates they play a crucial role in enhancing a spider's ability to detect vibrations from trapped prey. By analyzing the webs and conducting numerical simulations, scientists discovered that the shape and position of stabilimenta significantly influence how vibrations travel through the web. For instance, decorations aligned with the web's threads improved vibration detection across a larger area. This research not only highlights the functional importance of stabilimenta but also opens avenues for developing bio-inspired materials with adjustable properties. The findings, published in PLOS One, emphasize the need for further investigation into these intricate silk structures.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 10 ameznews.inPrime numbers, the building blocks of mathematics, are defined as indivisible integers that play a crucial role in multiplication, with every positive whole number expressible as a product of primes. Despite their simple definition, the study of primes has perplexed mathematicians for centuries, with many fundamental questions remaining unresolved. Notable conjectures include Goldbach's conjecture and the twin prime problem, while the Riemann Hypothesis stands out as the most significant unsolved problem in pure mathematics, concerning the distribution of prime numbers. Recent advancements, particularly in sieve methods, have led to progress on the twin prime conjecture, reducing the gap between prime pairs significantly. Experts express optimism about the potential for breakthroughs, suggesting that a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis could revolutionize our understanding of primes and mathematics as a whole, much like the unexpected resolution of Fermat’s Last Theorem in 1993.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 6 ameznews.inIn 2017, the calving of the massive A68 iceberg from Antarctica's Larsen C Ice Shelf opened up previously inaccessible areas of the Weddell Sea, a key site in the search for Ernest Shackleton's lost ship, _Endurance_. During a 2019 investigation using a remote-operated vehicle, scientists discovered over 1,000 unusual dimples on the seafloor, later identified as nests created by icefish, specifically the yellowfin notie. These nests, organized in a pattern, reflect a "selfish herd theory" where central nests are safer from predators. The findings underscore the ecological significance of the Weddell Sea, prompting calls for its protection amid changing environmental conditions. Meanwhile, the _Endurance_, which sank in 1915, was located in 2022, remarkably preserved in the cold depths, highlighting the area's rich marine life. The study detailing these discoveries is published in *Frontiers in Marine Science*.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 7 ameznews.inIn a historic moment for space exploration, astronaut Bruce McCandless II became the first human to conduct an untethered spacewalk on February 7, 1984, during the Challenger mission. Strapped into a Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU), McCandless and fellow astronaut Bob Stewart ventured outside the spacecraft, hurtling through space at nearly 28,900 kilometers per hour (18,000 miles per hour). Despite the daunting speed, McCandless described the experience as exhilarating rather than terrifying, thanks to the MMU's controlled thrust using nitrogen gas. Reflecting on the moment, he humorously echoed Neil Armstrong's famous words, stating, "It may have been a small step for Neil, but it’s a heck of a big leap for me." The spacewalk, which was watched with apprehension by those on the ground, marked a significant achievement in human spaceflight, blending personal elation with professional pride for McCandless.
Published: Oct 30 2025, 2 amFor the fastest, latest, not so wokest news, 'experts say' you need to visit Eznews
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