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New research suggests that the violent mating practices of hadrosaurs, or duck-billed dinosaurs, may have led to injuries that could help paleontologists determine the sex of these ancient creatures. A study led by Professor Eileen Murphy from Queen’s University Belfast examined around 500 vertebrae from hadrosaurs across Eurasia and North America, revealing a consistent pattern of healed fractures in the upper tail region. The researchers ruled out predation and tail fighting as causes, concluding that these injuries likely resulted from males mounting females during copulation, applying intense pressure around the cloaca, where sexual organs are located. The presence of healed fractures indicates that these mating injuries were not fatal, suggesting that such rough sex did not significantly impact species survival. If the mating hypothesis is validated, it could allow scientists to identify female specimens, providing new insights into the differences between male and female dinosaurs. 
Published: Nov 04 2025, 10 pmeznews.inA recent study has identified five distinct sleep profiles among young adults, revealing that sleep quality is influenced by various factors beyond mere duration. Researchers analyzed over 700 participants, finding that the first profile, characterized by poor sleep and associated mental health issues, explained nearly 90% of the correlation between sleep disturbances and mental health disorders. In contrast, a second group exhibited resilience to sleep difficulties despite facing attention problems. The third profile highlighted individuals who manage sleep issues with medication, while the fourth and fifth profiles were marked by insufficient sleep and disturbances, respectively. These findings underscore the complexity of sleep and its significant links to mental health, cognition, and brain function, suggesting that a holistic approach is essential for effective treatment and assessment. The study, published in PLOS Biology, emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider the multifaceted nature of sleep in their evaluations.
Published: Nov 05 2025, 4 ameznews.inDr. Kary Mullis, who invented the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, revolutionized DNA analysis in the 1980s, a process that amplifies tiny DNA samples for easier study. Mullis conceived the idea during a drive in May 1983, inspired by his experiences with oligonucleotides and possibly influenced by his use of LSD, which he claimed helped him visualize the concept. Despite initial skepticism from colleagues at Cetus, where he worked, Mullis successfully demonstrated PCR in December 1983, using a simpler bacterial DNA instead of human DNA. His work led to significant advancements in various fields, including disease testing and forensic science, earning him a share of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. However, Mullis was a controversial figure, known for his erratic behavior and unconventional scientific views, including skepticism about climate change and HIV's role in AIDS. He passed away in 2019, leaving behind a lasting legacy in molecular biology.
Published: Nov 05 2025, 2 ameznews.inThe kori bustard (_Ardeotis kori_), recognized as the world's heaviest flying bird, can weigh between 11 to 19 kilograms (24 to 42 pounds), with males reaching a maximum recorded weight of 18.14 kilograms (40 pounds). This species, native to South and East Africa, boasts a wingspan of up to 2.75 meters (9 feet) and primarily forages on the ground, consuming a varied diet that includes insects, reptiles, and seeds. The International Union for Conservation of Nature lists the kori bustard as Near Threatened, noting its largely sedentary nature with occasional local movements. In contrast, the great bustard (_Otis tarda_), the second heaviest flying bird, weighs slightly less and is known for its long migratory patterns, traveling over 4,000 kilometers between Mongolia and China. Meanwhile, the southern African ostrich holds the title for the heaviest bird overall, weighing up to 156 kilograms (343 pounds).
Published: Nov 04 2025, 8 pmeznews.inThe jaguarundi, a peculiar wild cat resembling an otter more than a traditional feline, is often misidentified due to its name, which includes "jaguar." Scientifically classified as either _Herpailurus yagouaroundi_ or _Puma yagouaroundi_, it diverged from the puma lineage 4 to 7 million years ago. Characterized by its elongated body, short legs, and flat head, the jaguarundi is adept at swimming, often seen fishing in ponds. Despite its wide range across 19 countries from Mexico to northern Argentina, much about the species remains unknown, primarily due to challenges in research, such as their plain coats and low conservation priority. Currently listed as "Least Concern" by the IUCN, the jaguarundi faces threats from habitat loss and human conflict. As the IUCN prepares to reassess its status, conservationists argue that this unique species deserves greater attention and research.
Published: Nov 04 2025, 10 pmeznews.inA remarkable astronomical event has unfolded with the comet C/2025 K1 (ATLAS), which not only survived a perilous close encounter with the Sun on October 8 but also transformed from a green hue to a striking golden color. Initially considered the dimmest of three visible comets, K1 (ATLAS) was expected to disintegrate due to the Sun's intense heat, yet it emerged intact and brighter, reaching a magnitude of 9, making it observable with binoculars or small telescopes. This comet, originating from the Oort cloud, is noted for its unusual carbon-poor composition, with only two other known comets sharing similar characteristics. Astrophotographer Dan Bartlett captured its stunning appearance, showcasing a golden tail illuminated by sunlight. K1 (ATLAS) is set to make its closest approach to Earth on November 24, 2025, when it will be visible from the Northern Hemisphere, near Ursa Major.
Published: Nov 04 2025, 11 pmeznews.inWhile the Big Bang model remains the dominant explanation for the universe's origins, alternative theories continue to intrigue cosmologists. The Big Bang was supported by the discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson in 1964, which earned them a Nobel Prize. However, historical perspectives included the notion of a static universe, which was prevalent before Edwin Hubble's observations of distant galaxies. Among the alternatives are the "Big Bounce" theory, suggesting a cyclical universe of expansions and contractions, and Roger Penrose's Conformal Cyclic Cosmology, which posits repeated cycles of universe creation without a big crunch. Another idea, eternal inflation, proposes that while some regions of the universe undergo rapid inflation, others develop into bubble universes with distinct physical laws. Despite their appeal, these theories currently lack robust evidence, leaving the Big Bang and inflation as the most substantiated models of cosmic evolution.
Published: Nov 04 2025, 8 pmeznews.inAstronomers studying interstellar object 3I/ATLAS have observed unexpected changes as it nears perihelion, including a second color shift and signs of non-gravitational acceleration. Initially spotted on July 1, 2023, by the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System, this comet has been confirmed as the third interstellar visitor to our Solar System, following 1I/'Oumuamua and 2I/Borisov. Recent observations indicate that 3I/ATLAS has brightened significantly, now visible with small telescopes, and exhibits a distinctly bluer hue. The comet's acceleration, measured at 1.36 astronomical units from the Sun, suggests it is losing mass due to outgassing, a typical cometary behavior. While some speculate about extraterrestrial origins, most astronomers dismiss these claims. As the comet continues its journey, further observations are anticipated to clarify its unusual characteristics and behavior, with the European Space Agency's Juice spacecraft poised to gather more data in November.
Published: Nov 04 2025, 6 pmeznews.inA 60-year-old man, referred to as RFS, has lost the ability to recognize the digits 2 to 9 due to a rare degenerative brain disorder, yet he can still identify letters and the numbers 1 and 0. Initially noticing symptoms in late 2010, RFS became completely unable to comprehend these digits by August 2011, perceiving them instead as abstract scribbles. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University, studying RFS's brain activity, discovered that he was processing visual information without awareness; for instance, he could not identify a face embedded in a number, but his brain still recognized it. This case challenges previous assumptions about visual awareness, suggesting that detection and conscious recognition are separate processes. Lead author Teresa Schubert emphasized the importance of this study in understanding unusual cognitive deficits, highlighting RFS's resilience in adapting to his condition.
Published: Nov 04 2025, 1 pmeznews.inResearchers studying magnetic deposits from the Ediacaran Period, which spanned from 630 to 541 million years ago, have identified a pattern in the rocks of Morocco's Anti-Atlas Mountains that suggests rapid shifts in the Earth's magnetic field rather than random fluctuations. This period was characterized by a significant weakening of the magnetic field, sometimes to one-tenth of its usual strength, coinciding with the emergence of the first large, mobile Ediacaran animals. Yale's Professor David Evans and his team employed a new statistical analysis method to reveal that changes in magnetic orientation occurred over thousands of years, challenging previous assumptions about the stability of the magnetic field. Their findings indicate that the magnetic poles may have flip-flopped rather than shifted around the planet's axis, raising questions about the underlying causes of these anomalies. The study aims to enhance understanding of tectonic movements and magnetic behavior throughout Earth's history.
Published: Nov 04 2025, 10 amFor the fastest, latest, not so wokest news, 'experts say' you need to visit Eznews
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